How macros are calculated
Everything starts with a calorie target — here, your TDEE adjusted for the goal. The split then divides those calories between the three macronutrients, and dividing by the energy density of each gives grams. Fat looks small in grams for the same reason it always does: it packs more than twice the energy per gram.
Choosing a split
- Balanced (40/30/30) — a sensible default that suits most people and most training styles.
- High protein (40/40/20) — best for fat loss and muscle retention. Protein is the most satiating macronutrient and has the highest thermic effect.
- Low carb (25/40/35) — helps some people with appetite control and blood-sugar stability.
- Keto (5/30/65) — carbohydrate low enough to shift the body toward ketone metabolism. Effective for some, socially and practically demanding for many.
- Endurance (55/25/20) — higher carbohydrate to support long training sessions, where glycogen is the limiting factor.
Comparative trials repeatedly find that when calories and protein are matched, the difference between splits on fat loss is small. The split that matters is the one you can follow for a year.
Hitting the numbers without a spreadsheet
Macro targets fail on logistics far more often than on arithmetic. A few structures that remove most of the daily decision-making:
- Build meals around a protein anchor. Decide the protein first — 30–40 g per meal — then fill in carbohydrate and fat. Protein is the hardest target to hit accidentally and the easiest to plan.
- Keep a short list of repeatable meals. Five or six meals you already know the numbers for cover most of the week and reduce tracking to a few taps.
- Track the big rocks. Meat, dairy, grains, oils and nuts account for the overwhelming majority of your intake. Weighing lettuce is theatre.
- Cooking oil is the most commonly missed item. A generous pour into the pan is 200 kcal that never gets logged.
- Plan the week, not the day. Consistency across seven days matters more than precision on any one of them.
A day at roughly 2,200 kcal, high protein
Breakfast: Greek yoghurt, oats and berries — 35 g protein. Lunch: chicken, rice and vegetables — 45 g. Snack: cottage cheese and fruit — 20 g. Dinner: salmon, potatoes and salad — 40 g. That is 140 g of protein across four ordinary meals, with no supplements involved.
Alcohol deserves a mention because it fits nowhere: it carries 7 kcal per gram, provides nothing nutritionally, and suppresses fat oxidation while it is being processed. It does not need to be eliminated — but it does need to be counted.
Protein deserves special attention
Of the three, protein has the strongest evidence behind a specific target:
- 0.8 g/kg — the RDA, set to prevent deficiency, not to optimise anything.
- 1.6–2.2 g/kg — the range supported for building muscle and for retaining it during a calorie deficit.
- 2.3–3.1 g/kg of lean mass — used by lean athletes in aggressive cuts.
Spreading it across three or four meals of 25–40 g each stimulates muscle protein synthesis more effectively than one large serving. Fibre is not a macro but behaves like one for satiety — the 14 g per 1,000 kcal shown above is the standard recommendation.
General information only. If you have kidney disease, diabetes, are pregnant, or have a history of disordered eating, macro targets should be set with a clinician rather than a calculator.